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Passive evaluation is a poor predictor of a patients voluntary motor capacity and function. Active examination, on the other hand, explores the etiology and potential consequences of passive limitations. As such, it extends the evaluation to function and disability.
The National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) graphic in the right panel of this slide illustrates the inclusive approach taken by the active examination process.
Dimensions of disablement include:
- Pathophysiology: Interruption or interference of normal physiology and developmental processes or structures
- Impairment: Loss or abnormality of body structure or body function
- Functional Limitation/Activity: Restriction of ability to perform activities
- Disability/Participation: Restricted participation in typical societal roles
- Societal Limitation/Context: Barriers to full participation imposed by societal attitudes, architectural barriers and social policies and other external factors
National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research, Executive Building, Room 2A03, 6100 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7510, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7510; (301) 402-2242.