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Profile of Neurological manifestations of Covid 19 in a Pediatric hospital in Delhi

Objectives: To study the profile of Neurological manifestations of Covid 19 in a Pediatric hospital .

Methods: Records of all Covid positive children 1 month to 18years of age were accessed from 01 Jan 21 to 31 March 2022. Children were presumed to have the delta variant up to 30 Nov 2021 and Omicron variant after that. A child was considered to have Covid if (a) the RT – PCR / Rapid antigen was positive, or (b) covid antibodies were present, or (c) MIS-C if inflammatory markers were present. All children requiring hospital or ICU admission were reviewed for the occurrence of neurological manifestations. The types of neurological manifestations were noted and categorized according Acute or MIS-C phase of the illness. Results : In the presumed delta wave there 160 cases of Covid 19 admitted ( 133 acute Covid and 27 MIS-C). Neurological manifestations were seen in 23 (14.3%) cases overall, 15 with acute Covid and 8 with MIS-C ( Table 1). The profile of neurological manifestations is shown in Table 2. Subjective features like headache were not commonly reported, unlike other studies. There were 3 deaths : 2 due to encephalopathy , and 1 due to unexplained cerebral edema. In the presumed Omicron wave, there were 39 admitted cases, and only 1 MIS-C. 8 cases had seizures, and all were simple febrile seizures ( Table 3). Conclusion: Serious Neurological manifestations were seen in the Delta variant Covid 19. Febrile seizures were the only neurological manifestation in the omicron variant.
Keywords: Covid 19, Neurological , MIS-C