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Table 1. Choice of AED by seizure type.

Seizure type First-line drugs Adjunctive drugs Drugs to be avoided
(may worsen seizures)
Focal Carbamazepine Carbamazepine
with/without Lamotrigine Clobazam (if there are absence or
secondary Levetiracetam Gabapentin myoclonic seizures, or if
generalisation Oxcarbazepine Lamotrigine JME suspected)
Levetiracetam Carbamazepine
Generalised Carbamazepine Oxcarbazepine Gabapentin
tonic-clonic Lamotrigine Sodium valproate Oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine Topiramate Phenytoin
Sodium valproate Pregabalin
Clobazam Tiagabine
Lamotrigine Vigabatrin
Levetiracetam Carbamazepine
Topiramate Gabapentin
Oxcarbazepine
Tonic or atonic Sodium valproate Lamotrigine Pregabalin
Tiagabine
Absence Ethosuximide Ethosuximide Vigabatrin
Lamotrigine Lamotrigine Carbamazepine
Sodium valproate Sodium valproate Gabapentin
Oxcarbazepine
Myoclonic Levetiracetam Levetiracetam Phenytoin
Sodium valproate Topiramate Pregabalin
Tiagabine
Vigabatrin
Carbamazepine
Gabapentin
Oxcarbazepine
Phenytoin
Pregabalin
Tiagabine
Vigabatrin