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resections are to be made close to eloquent cortex it is recommended to undertake precise
mapping of eloquent function, the site of seizure onset and the irritative zone, to minimise
the risk of causing new deficit, and optimise the chance of success. Memory fMRI is less
developed, and at present shows promise for predicting the effects of temporal lobe resection
in individual patients.

Tractography is used to visualise the major cerebral white matter tracts, and to predict and
reduce the risks of surgery. Display of the optic radiation and pyramidal tract are the most
relevant for epilepsy surgery at present. The next important step will be reliable integration
of all structural and functional data into surgical image-guidance systems so that the data are
available real time as surgery progresses.

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