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| content:normal_eeg_in_children [2020/02/17 18:46] – icna | content:normal_eeg_in_children [2020/02/17 19:50] – icna | ||
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| * Diffuse theta has diminished but continues | * Diffuse theta has diminished but continues | ||
| * Minimal diffuse delta, principally with eyes open. | * Minimal diffuse delta, principally with eyes open. | ||
| - | < | + | < |
| === Hyperventilation === | === Hyperventilation === | ||
| + | < | ||
| * Initially accentuates background including posterior slow waves | * Initially accentuates background including posterior slow waves | ||
| * Posterior build-up usually precedes anterior build-up | * Posterior build-up usually precedes anterior build-up | ||
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| * Sharply contoured waves common. | * Sharply contoured waves common. | ||
| - | < | + | ==== Normal Drowsiness, Sleep, Arousal, Drowsy patterns ==== |
| - | + | Slight increase in ongoing theta and delta in some patients in first year.Spontaneous eye closure may elicit posterior rhythms in early drowsiness, but slower than when awake. Trains of diffuse rhythmic theta may be maximum centrally, posteriorly, | |
| - | ==== Normal Drowsiness, Sleep, Arousal | + | < |
| - | === Drowsy | + | ==== Burst Drowsy Patterns |
| - | === Burst Drowsy Patterns === | + | Bursts of 2 to 5 Hz sinusoidal waves, usually maximal frontocentrally. Superimposed on other drowsy |
| + | < | ||
| === V Waves === | === V Waves === | ||
| + | Of higher voltage and briefer than in adults, therefore spike-like. Variable morphology and polarity. May occur sequentially. Shifting asymmetries. Begin at 3 to 4 months, maximal at 3 to 4 years. | ||
| + | < | ||
| === Spindles === | === Spindles === | ||
| + | First clearly expressed at 3 to 4 months. More numerous and longer at 3 to 9 months than later. Asynchrony common in first year. Central–parietal location in early childhood. May be comb-shaped. | ||
| + | < | ||
| === V Waves and Spindles === | === V Waves and Spindles === | ||
| + | V waves, spindles, and other central sleep rhythms combine to create sharply contoured waves that are not spikes. | ||
| + | < | ||
| === Positive Occipital Sharp Transients of Sleep (POSTS) === | === Positive Occipital Sharp Transients of Sleep (POSTS) === | ||
| + | Also known as lambdoid waves. Monophasic. Sharply contoured. Electropositive. Bioccipital. Singly or in 4 to 5 s sequences. Occur in most normal subjects. | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| === Occipital Sharply Contoured Waves and Delta === | === Occipital Sharply Contoured Waves and Delta === | ||
| + | Normal component of moderate to deep sleep under 5 years. | ||
| + | < | ||
| === 14 and 6 per Second Positive Spikes === | === 14 and 6 per Second Positive Spikes === | ||
| + | Electropositive sharp components repeat at 14 and/or 6 to 7 Hz per second. | ||
| + | Positive component apiculate or arciform. Negative component smooth. Occur singly or in bursts. 13 to 17 Hz or 6 to 7 Hz; principally 14 or 6 Hz. Posterior temporal and adjacent areas. Widespread field. Best recorded with coronal or referential montages. Duration: Seen in adolescents and young adults. Occur during drowsiness and sleep. | ||
| + | < | ||
| === Arousal Sequence === | === Arousal Sequence === | ||
| + | Initial stimulus evokes one or more broad V waves. Then 4 to 8 Hz diffuse rhythmic waves, maximum frontal-central occasionally mixed with delta. | ||
| + | Then 1 to 3 Hz diffuse delta. Posterior delta is independent of anterior delta and persists longer. Then delta merges with 4 to 5 Hz waves. | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | Source: | ||
| + | Authors: Blume, Warren T.; Kaibara, Masako; Holloway, Giannina M.; Young, G. Bryan. | ||
| + | Title: Blume' | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | {{tag> | ||