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Neurophysiology of spasticity
The central nervous system includes the pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems. There are complex interconnections between these systems and the spinal cord. 1
Spasticity is due to a chronic reduction in inhibition. Loss of presynaptic inhibition results from the inability to synthesize or transport g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to the anterior horn cell. Alterations in the membrane properties, synaptic input and a change in continuous descending inhibition produce the characteristic hyperexcitability of motor neurons.2