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Childhood status epilepticus in children of 1-12 years of age SQUH: demographics and outcome of treatment

Background: Status Epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency that effects children of all ages, more commonly seen in children below five years. SE is associated with severe disability and mortality. Management and outcomes of pediatric SE patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) was evaluated. Subjects and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on children presenting to SQUH with SE during the timeframe of 10 years; from May 2010 to May 2020. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 25. Results: Ninety-three children presenting with SE were included. The mean age of the studied sample was found to be 4.84 years ± 3.64 (Range: 0.17-12). The male to female ratio (M: F) was 1.3:1. The most common first line anti seizure medication used was Diazepam in 58 (67.44%) children and the second line was Phenytoin in 9 (10.47%) children. The median duration of seizure was 45 minutes with 76.34% (n=9) of the seizures that were successfully controlled within 60 minutes. The total complete recovery rate was 55.91% with a 5.38% mortality rate noted. A correlation between the recurrence of SE and the poor prognosis was seen (p = 0.004). Conclusion: The most common anticonvulsant medication used as a first line treatment was Most children’s seizures aborted within 60 minutes. However, few children required more than 60 minutes for seizure control, second and even third line treatment were required. Multicenter studies with larger sample size is recommended.
Keywords: Childhood, status epilepticus , outcome

Amna Al Futaisi
Sultan Qaboos University
Oman

Shihab Al Mawaali
Sultan Qaboos University

 

 


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